What is a transfer case in SUV?

In an SUV (or any four-wheel-drive vehicle), the transfer case is a gearbox that sits between the transmission and the axles. Its primary function is to divide the engine's power between the front and rear axles. This allows the driver to select different drive modes, such as:

* 2WD (2-Wheel Drive): Power goes only to the rear wheels (most common in RWD-based SUVs). This improves fuel economy.

* 4WD High (4-Wheel Drive High): Power is split between the front and rear axles, typically in a 50/50 or similar ratio. Used for on-road traction in slippery conditions or off-road driving at moderate speeds.

* 4WD Low (4-Wheel Drive Low): Power is still split between the front and rear axles, but with a much lower gear ratio. This provides significantly increased torque for slow-speed, off-road situations like climbing steep hills or navigating difficult terrain.

Some transfer cases also offer a neutral position, completely disconnecting the drivetrain, allowing for easier towing or repair. Different transfer cases offer different features and levels of complexity, from simple part-time systems to sophisticated full-time systems with electronic controls.