Oxygen sensors: Regulate the air-fuel mixture in an engine to ensure complete combustion and reduce fuel waste.
Electronic fuel injection: Provides precise control over the amount of fuel delivered to the engine, leading to better fuel efficiency and reduced emissions.
Hybrid and electric vehicles: Offer alternative low-emissions or zero-emissions propulsion systems.
Diesel particulate filters: Capture and remove soot particles from diesel engine exhaust.
EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) systems: Direct a portion of exhaust gases back into the engine to reduce exhaust temperature and control oxide emissions.
Variable valve timing: Offers better control over the engine's air and fuel intake and exhaust processes, leading to enhanced efficiency and reduced emissions.
Turbochargers and superchargers: Allow engines to produce more power while reducing fuel consumption and emissions.
Lightweight materials: Used in vehicle construction help improve fuel efficiency and lower emissions as less energy is required to propel the vehicle.
Regenerative braking: Recovers energy during braking and utilizes it to power accessories or reduce the fuel consumed by the engine.
