To find it, you'll need to:
1. Consult your vehicle's repair manual: This is the most reliable way. The manual will have diagrams showing the exact location(s) of the HO2S for your specific van.
2. Use an online parts catalog: Websites like AutoZone, Advance Auto Parts, or RockAuto allow you to enter your vehicle's year, make, model, and engine to see diagrams and parts lists. These will often show the sensor locations.
3. Look for it visually: Heated oxygen sensors are typically located in the exhaust manifold or the exhaust pipe shortly after the manifold. They're usually threaded into the exhaust system and have a wire harness connected to them. Be aware the exhaust will be hot, so let it cool completely before attempting this.
Important Considerations:
* Upstream vs. Downstream: Many vehicles have multiple HO2S sensors. "Upstream" sensors are closer to the engine and monitor the exhaust before the catalytic converter. "Downstream" sensors are after the catalytic converter and monitor its efficiency. Your repair manual will clarify.
* Safety: The exhaust system gets extremely hot. Allow it to cool completely before attempting any inspection or repair work. Use appropriate safety equipment like gloves.
Without knowing the year and engine of your Ford E-150, providing a precise location is impossible. Use the resources above to find the location specific to your van.