You'd face significant challenges, including:
* Different bolt patterns: The transmission case itself might not bolt to the 1978's engine or frame.
* Different input shafts: The input shaft connecting to the torque converter might not match the 1978 engine's flexplate.
* Transfer case incompatibility: The transfer case from the 1984 truck is almost certainly incompatible with the 1978's setup.
* Wiring harness and controls: The electronic controls for the 1984 transmission are likely different and require extensive rewiring.
* Length differences: The overall length of the transmission might not fit within the 1978 truck's frame.
In short, while some parts *might* be adaptable, it's a major undertaking requiring significant fabrication, custom parts, and potentially specialized knowledge. It would likely be far more cost-effective and simpler to find a transmission from a 1978 or very close-year Chevy three-quarter ton 4WD truck.