Common Causes:
* Leaking Hose: This is one of the most frequent culprits. Hoses age and crack, especially in areas that flex or are exposed to heat. Look carefully along the entire length of each hose for cracks, bulges, or loose clamps.
* Leaking Power Steering Pump: The pump itself can develop leaks around its seals or gaskets. You might see fluid leaking from the pump's pulley area or the connection points.
* Leaking Power Steering Rack and Pinion: Leaks here usually show up as fluid dripping from the rack itself, often near the tie rods. This is a more significant repair.
* Leaking Pressure Hose: This hose carries high-pressure fluid from the pump to the rack and pinion. Failures here can lead to significant leaks.
* Loose or Damaged Fittings: The connections between hoses and the pump, rack, and other components can leak if they are loose, corroded, or damaged.
* Damaged Power Steering Reservoir: A cracked or damaged reservoir can allow fluid to leak out. Check for cracks, especially at the seams.
* Loose or Damaged O-rings & Seals: Various seals and O-rings within the power steering system can degrade over time, causing leaks. This is often a component of a larger problem like a leaking pump or rack.
Less Common but Possible Causes:
* Damaged Power Steering Gear Box (Rack and Pinion): Internal damage within the rack and pinion can lead to leaks. This typically requires a more extensive repair or replacement.
How to Diagnose:
1. Inspect Visually: Carefully examine the entire power steering system for visible leaks. Look for wet spots, fluid drips, or trails. A clean engine bay makes this easier.
2. Check Fluid Level: A low fluid level in the power steering reservoir is a clear indicator of a leak.
3. Listen for Whining: A whining noise from the power steering pump, especially when turning the wheel, could indicate low fluid levels or pump wear.
Important Note: Power steering fluid is under pressure. Be careful when inspecting the system. Avoid touching any hot components and wear eye protection. If you're not comfortable working on your car yourself, take it to a qualified mechanic for diagnosis and repair. Ignoring a power steering leak can lead to serious damage to the power steering system.
