* Wheel Speed Sensor Problems: These sensors monitor each wheel's speed and are crucial for ABS and traction control. A faulty sensor (worn, damaged, or dirty) will trigger these lights. This is a very common culprit.
* ABS Module Failure: The ABS module is the "brain" of the anti-lock braking system. Internal failures within the module can cause a variety of issues, including these warning lights. This is a more expensive repair.
* Low Brake Fluid: While seemingly unrelated, extremely low brake fluid can trigger these lights because the system can't function properly without sufficient fluid pressure. Check your brake fluid level immediately!
* Brake System Leaks: Leaks in brake lines or components can lead to low fluid and subsequently trigger the warning lights.
* Wiring Issues: Damaged, corroded, or loose wiring in the ABS system can disrupt its functionality and activate the warning lights. This can be difficult to track down.
* Faulty ABS Pump Motor: The motor within the ABS unit might be failing, resulting in the lights illuminating.
* Power Problems: A weak battery or alternator could also lead to erratic behavior in the electronic systems.
What to do:
1. Check Brake Fluid Level: This is the easiest and quickest check. Low fluid is a serious problem that needs immediate attention.
2. Have the Codes Read: The most important step is to get the diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) read from the car's computer. An OBD-II scanner can do this. Auto parts stores often offer free code reading services. The codes will give you a much clearer indication of the specific problem.
3. Inspect Wheel Speed Sensors: If you're comfortable working on your car, visually inspect the wheel speed sensors for damage or dirt. They're usually located near the wheel hub.
Important Note: Driving with a malfunctioning ABS system is still possible, but you'll lose the anti-lock braking feature, which could be dangerous in emergency braking situations. Get it checked out as soon as possible. Ignoring these lights could lead to more severe problems and costly repairs down the line.
