The speedometer malfunction is likely due to a problem with one of the following:
* The Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) itself: This sensor is located on the transmission. It's a small, usually magnetic sensor. You'll need to consult a repair manual specific to your 1995 Dodge Caravan to locate its precise position on your transmission.
* The wiring to the VSS: Check the wiring harness for any broken wires, loose connections, or corrosion near the sensor.
* The Speedometer Cluster (instrument panel): The problem could be within the speedometer itself, a faulty circuit board, or a damaged connection within the instrument cluster. This is a more complex repair and might require professional assistance.
* The PCM (Powertrain Control Module): In rare cases, a faulty PCM can cause speedometer issues. This is a more advanced diagnosis and repair that should be handled by a mechanic.
To find the VSS:
1. Consult a repair manual: A Haynes or Chilton repair manual for your specific year and model Caravan will show you exactly where the VSS is located, how to access it, and how to test it. This is the most reliable method.
2. Use an online repair database: Sites like Mitchell 1 or AllDataDIY (subscription required) offer detailed diagrams and repair information.
3. Online forums: Search Dodge Caravan forums (like on sites dedicated to car repair or specific to the Dodge Caravan) for posts about VSS location. Be cautious, as the information might not always be completely accurate.
Before you start any repairs: Disconnect the negative battery terminal to prevent electrical shocks or short circuits.
Replacing the VSS is usually a relatively straightforward job, but diagnosing the *cause* of the failure might require a multimeter to check for voltage and continuity. If you're not comfortable working on your car's electrical system, it's best to take it to a mechanic.
