* Steering Gear Box: This is the most common cause. Wear and tear within the gear box itself can create play. This might be worn bearings, internal damage, or simply age and deterioration of the internal components. This is often accompanied by a clunking or groaning sound.
* Steering Linkage: This includes the tie rod ends, idler arm, and pitman arm. Wear in the ball joints of these components can lead to free play in the steering. You might see visible wear, or feel a clunk as you move the linkage. A visual inspection is crucial.
* Power Steering Pump or Fluid: Low power steering fluid, a failing pump, or a leak can cause the steering to feel loose and require more effort. Check your fluid level and look for leaks. A whining noise might also be indicative of a failing pump.
* Steering Column: Less likely, but possible, there could be wear in the steering column itself allowing for movement. This is usually accompanied by other noises or issues with the column.
* Loose Bolts or Nuts: Before diving into major components, ensure all bolts and nuts in the steering system are properly tightened. This is a quick and easy check to rule out the simplest cause.
What you should do:
1. Safety First: Never work under a vehicle supported only by a jack. Use jack stands for safety.
2. Visual Inspection: Carefully examine the steering linkage for any visible damage, loose components, or worn ball joints. Look for fluid leaks as well.
3. Check Power Steering Fluid: Make sure the fluid level is correct and the fluid is clean.
4. Professional Help: Given the complexity of the steering system, it's best to have a qualified mechanic diagnose and repair the problem. Incorrect repair could lead to dangerous driving conditions. They have the tools and expertise to pinpoint the exact source of the looseness safely and effectively.
Ignoring loose steering is extremely dangerous. It can lead to loss of control, especially at higher speeds. Get it checked out immediately.
