1. Choosing Your Replacement:
* HEI Distributor (High Energy Ignition): This is the most common and often easiest route. Many aftermarket HEI distributors are available specifically for Buick 455s of that era. These are generally self-contained units, simplifying the installation. Look for one that's designed for your engine's specific application (consider factors like vacuum advance).
* Electronic Ignition Module and Coil: You could retain your existing distributor but replace the points with an electronic ignition module and a compatible coil. This option requires more wiring and potentially adjustments to your existing distributor. It's generally more involved than a direct HEI swap.
* Matching the Distributor: Regardless of your choice, ensure the distributor you select is compatible with your engine's year, model, and firing order. Incorrect timing can damage your engine.
2. Preparing for Installation:
* Disconnect the Battery: This is crucial to prevent electrical shorts and injury.
* Gather Tools: You'll need basic hand tools including wrenches (sockets and open-end), screwdrivers (Phillips and flathead), pliers, a timing light, and possibly a distributor hold-down tool.
* Mark the Existing Distributor's Position: Before removing the old distributor, carefully mark its position relative to the engine block. This is essential for proper timing after installation. You can use a marker to draw a line connecting the distributor and the engine block. You might also want to note the rotor's position relative to the number one cylinder's spark plug wire.
* Remove the Distributor Cap and Rotor: Disconnect the spark plug wires and carefully remove the distributor cap and rotor. Note the order of the wires to ensure correct reassembly.
3. Removing the Old Distributor:
* Loosen the Hold-Down Clamp: Carefully loosen the distributor hold-down clamp.
* Remove the Distributor: Gently remove the distributor. It may be slightly resistant due to the oil pump drive shaft engagement. You might need to rotate the distributor slightly to disengage the drive.
4. Installing the New Distributor (HEI example):
* Install the Distributor: Carefully align the new HEI distributor with the drive shaft and install it. You may need to slightly rotate the distributor to engage the drive shaft.
* Tighten the Hold-Down Clamp: Securely tighten the hold-down clamp.
* Connect the Wires: Connect the positive (+) and negative (-) wires to the HEI module. The HEI usually has a single wire for power, often connected to the ignition switch. The negative terminal usually connects to the engine block or a ground point.
* Connect Spark Plug Wires: Carefully reconnect the spark plug wires to the distributor cap, following the correct firing order. Consult your Buick Riviera's repair manual for the correct firing order.
* Reconnect the Battery: Reconnect the battery.
5. Setting the Timing:
* This is CRUCIAL: Incorrect timing can severely damage your engine. You'll need a timing light to set the ignition timing according to your engine's specifications (found in your repair manual). The timing mark should be aligned with the timing pointer on the crankshaft pulley when the engine is idling at the specified RPM. You may need to adjust the distributor's position slightly to achieve the correct timing.
Important Notes:
* Consult a Repair Manual: A factory service manual for your 1973 Buick Riviera is indispensable. It will provide detailed instructions, diagrams, specifications, and torque values for all components involved. This is highly recommended.
* Professional Help: If you lack the mechanical experience, consider seeking professional help from a qualified mechanic. Improper installation could lead to engine damage.
* Firing Order: The correct firing order for your 1973 Buick Riviera 455 is crucial. Get this right from your repair manual – it's usually something like 1-8-4-3-6-5-7-2 but double-check.
This guide provides a general overview. The specifics may vary slightly depending on the exact distributor and ignition system you choose. Always refer to the instructions provided with your chosen parts and consult a repair manual for your specific vehicle.
