* Select a lower gear: As you begin the descent, downshift to a lower gear. The specific gear will depend on the steepness of the grade and your speed, but generally a lower gear (like 2nd or even 1st for very steep hills) will increase engine braking. The engine's resistance will slow the car down. Listen to your engine; if it's laboring excessively, shift up a gear.
* Control your speed with the engine, not just the brakes: Use the engine braking as your primary method of speed control. This prevents brake fade (where your brakes become less effective due to overheating), which is a serious safety concern on long, steep descents. Only use your brakes lightly and intermittently to supplement engine braking and keep your speed within safe limits.
* Avoid riding the clutch: Don't rest your foot on the clutch pedal while going downhill. This can damage the clutch.
* Be aware of your surroundings: Maintain a safe following distance and be extra cautious of other vehicles, especially those traveling slower than you. Be prepared to react to unexpected events.
* Use your brakes carefully: Apply your brakes gently and gradually to avoid skidding or locking up the wheels. If you do lock up the wheels, immediately release the brakes and allow them to regain traction. Consider using your parking brake *carefully and briefly* as a last resort in emergency situations.
* Know your vehicle's capabilities: Be aware of your car's limitations and don't push it beyond its safe operating capacity.
* Plan your route: If you're unsure about handling a steep grade, plan your route ahead of time to find a safer alternative if possible.
In summary, the key is to use the engine's braking power to control your speed, supplementing it with light brake application only as needed. This keeps your brakes cool and prevents potential brake failure on long, steep descents.
