Here's a general guide. Remember that specifics may vary slightly depending on the exact engine (4.6L or 5.0L). Consult a repair manual specific to your vehicle's year and engine for the most accurate information and diagrams:
Tools You'll Need:
* New serpentine belt: Get the correct size and type. Your local auto parts store can help you find the right one based on your car's VIN or engine.
* Wrench set: You'll likely need various sizes, both metric and standard, depending on the tensioner and other components.
* Socket set: Similar to the wrench set, you might need various sizes for easier access to some bolts.
* Ratchet: To make using sockets easier.
* Pliers or a belt tensioner tool: A specialized belt tensioner tool makes this job much easier. Without one, you may need pliers (be very careful not to damage the tensioner).
* Jack and jack stands: Essential for safe working conditions. Never work under a car supported only by a jack.
* Wheel chocks: For added safety.
* Gloves: To protect your hands.
* Shop rags or paper towels: To clean up any spills.
* Repair Manual: Highly recommended!
Procedure:
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and use wheel chocks. Jack up the front of the car and securely support it on jack stands. Disconnect the negative battery cable.
2. Locate the Serpentine Belt: Identify the serpentine belt running around the various pulleys (alternator, power steering pump, water pump, etc.).
3. Loosen the Belt Tensioner: This is the most critical step. The tensioner has a mechanism (often a bolt or a lever) that allows you to relieve the tension on the belt. This is where a belt tensioner tool is invaluable. If you don't have one, you'll need to carefully use pliers or wrenches to loosen the tensioner, usually by turning it counterclockwise. Be extremely cautious not to slip and injure yourself or damage the tensioner. Consult your repair manual for the correct procedure.
4. Remove the Old Belt: Once the tension is released, carefully slip the belt off the pulleys. You might need to wiggle it a bit to get it past some pulleys.
5. Install the New Belt: Route the new belt around the pulleys in the same path as the old one. Make sure it's seated correctly on all the pulleys.
6. Re-tension the Belt: Carefully release the tensioner allowing the belt to engage all the pulleys. The tensioner should automatically hold the belt in place once released. If your tensioner doesn't have a release mechanism that automatically engages, you might have to apply tension to the belt by hand as you tighten the bolt.
7. Check Belt Tension: Make sure the belt is properly tensioned. You should be able to deflect it slightly (about half an inch) with your thumb. Consult your repair manual for the correct tension specification.
8. Reassemble: Lower the car, reconnect the negative battery cable, and start the engine. Listen carefully for any unusual noises (squeaking, squealing). Check for proper belt alignment and tension.
9. Final Check: After a short run, check the belt again to be sure it's still correctly aligned and tensioned.
Important Notes:
* Consult a Repair Manual: This guide is a general overview. A repair manual specific to your 1991 Lincoln Town Car will provide detailed instructions, diagrams, and torque specifications. This is crucial for avoiding damage and ensuring a proper repair.
* Tensioner Variations: Tensioner mechanisms can vary. Your repair manual will show you exactly how your specific tensioner works.
* Component Damage: Inspect all pulleys and related components for wear and tear while you have the belt off.
* Belt Routing: Pay close attention to how the old belt is routed around the pulleys. Incorrect routing can cause premature belt failure.
Replacing a serpentine belt isn't rocket science, but it does require care and attention to detail. If you are not comfortable performing this task, seeking professional help from a qualified mechanic is highly recommended. The cost of a repair is far less than the potential cost of damaging your car.
