Electrical System Issues:
* Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP): This sensor tells the computer the engine's rotational position. A faulty CKP prevents the engine from starting because the computer can't synchronize fuel injection and ignition. This is a very common cause of no-start conditions.
* Cam Position Sensor (CMP): Similar to the CKP, a bad CMP sensor will prevent the engine from starting or running smoothly.
* Ignition Coil: If the coil is failing intermittently, it could cause the engine to shut off unexpectedly. A failing coil won't produce the spark needed to ignite the fuel-air mixture.
* Ignition Switch: A faulty ignition switch might not be sending power to the necessary components.
* Battery/Alternator: A weak battery or a failing alternator won't provide sufficient power to the engine. Test the battery voltage and see if the alternator is charging while the engine is running (if it does run briefly). A completely dead battery is obvious, but a weak battery might be able to crank the engine initially, but then die under load.
* Fuses and Relays: Check for blown fuses and relays related to the ignition system, fuel pump, or engine control module (ECM).
* Wiring Harness: Damaged or corroded wiring in the engine bay can interrupt the electrical signals needed for the engine to run.
Fuel System Issues:
* Fuel Pump: A failing fuel pump can't supply enough fuel to the engine, causing it to stall.
* Fuel Filter: A clogged fuel filter restricts fuel flow, leading to engine stalling.
* Fuel Injectors: Faulty fuel injectors might not deliver fuel properly, causing intermittent engine stalling or complete shutdown.
Other Potential Issues:
* Engine Control Module (ECM): A faulty ECM can cause a wide range of problems, including sudden engine shutdowns. This is usually a more expensive diagnosis and repair.
* Distributor (if equipped): While less common in 1998 models, some may still have a distributor. Issues within the distributor, like worn components or a bad cap/rotor, could cause problems.
* Overheating: While less likely to cause a complete no-start, severe overheating can damage components and cause the engine to shut down as a safety measure. Check your coolant level.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Check the obvious: Battery voltage, coolant level, fuel level.
2. Listen carefully: Does the fuel pump prime when you turn the key to the "on" position (but not cranking)? This is a quick way to check the pump relay and fuse.
3. Get the car scanned: Use an OBD-II scanner to read any diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) stored in the ECM. These codes can pinpoint the problem. An auto parts store often offers free code reading services.
4. Visual inspection: Look for any obvious signs of damage to wiring, loose connections, or other visible problems.
Important Note: If the car is shutting off while driving, this is a safety hazard. Don't attempt to drive it until the problem is diagnosed and repaired. Consider having it towed to a mechanic for diagnosis. Trying to diagnose this yourself without proper tools and knowledge can be dangerous and potentially lead to more extensive damage.
