1. Priming the Oil System after Engine Reassembly:
This is the most common interpretation of "priming a 440." After a rebuild or major overhaul, you need to ensure oil reaches all bearings before starting the engine. Methods include:
* Oil Pump Primer Tool: This is the best method. A specialized tool fits onto the distributor drive and manually rotates the oil pump, forcing oil throughout the system. This is highly recommended.
* Manual Cranking (with caution): You can manually rotate the engine using a wrench on the crankshaft pulley (or a breaker bar on the harmonic balancer). Do this slowly and carefully several times, checking the oil pressure gauge if fitted (an external gauge is helpful for this). *This is risky without an oil pressure gauge because you could cause damage if the oil pressure doesn't build up immediately.*
* Pre-oiling System: Some shops have a system that connects to the engine's oiling system and circulates oil under pressure before starting the engine.
2. Priming the Fuel System (for a carbureted engine):
If it's been disassembled or the fuel system has been worked on, priming the carburetor is necessary:
* Manual Pump (if equipped): Many carburetors have a primer bulb or lever to pump fuel into the bowl. Pump it until fuel is flowing freely.
* Pouring Fuel into the Carburetor: Carefully pour a small amount of fuel directly into the carburetor's throat. This is a less-preferred method as it's easy to overfill.
3. Priming the Fuel System (for a fuel-injected engine):
Fuel-injected 440s (less common) usually require cycling the ignition key to prime the system, or potentially using a diagnostic tool to prime the pump if it isn't working automatically. Consult the specific engine's service manual.
Important Considerations:
* Consult a Service Manual: The best source of information is a factory service manual specific to your 440 engine's year and model. This manual will detail the correct priming procedures and precautions.
* Oil Pressure Gauge: Always monitor oil pressure during initial startup after any oil system work.
* New Oil and Filter: Always use fresh oil and a new filter before starting.
* Professional Help: If you're not comfortable performing these procedures, seek help from a qualified mechanic. Improper priming can lead to catastrophic engine damage.
Never attempt to start the engine without proper priming, as this can result in severe engine damage due to lack of lubrication.
