Here's a breakdown of what's likely happening and what you should do:
Most Likely Culprit: Coolant Leak into the Combustion Chamber
* Symptoms: White, steamy exhaust, especially noticeable when the engine is cold or after idling. The smoke might have a sweet smell (antifreeze). Your coolant level will be dropping. You might also see evidence of coolant in your engine oil (milky or frothy oil).
* Causes: A blown head gasket is the most common cause. Cracked cylinder head or engine block are also possibilities, though less likely. These are serious issues requiring professional attention.
Less Likely (but still possible): Crankcase Pressure Leak
* Symptoms: White, oily smoke, potentially more pronounced during acceleration or when the engine is under load. The smoke might smell like burning oil. This is less likely to produce the steamy white smoke seen with coolant leaks, but it can contribute to the overall white smoke especially if combined with a small coolant leak.
* Causes: Worn or damaged piston rings, valve stem seals, or a PCV (Positive Crankcase Ventilation) system problem. While less severe than a head gasket failure, these still require repairs.
What to Do:
1. DO NOT drive the car: Continuing to drive could cause irreversible engine damage. The problems mentioned above can lead to a catastrophic engine failure.
2. Check your coolant level: Is it low? This is a strong indicator of a coolant leak.
3. Check your engine oil: Is it milky or frothy? This points to coolant mixing with the oil.
4. Inspect the engine: Look carefully for any obvious leaks around the engine block, head, hoses, or radiator.
5. Call a mechanic: This is not a DIY repair unless you have extensive engine repair experience. A blown head gasket or cracked engine block are significant repairs, often requiring specialized tools and knowledge. Trying to fix it yourself could worsen the damage.
A 1989 car is quite old, so the cost of repairs might exceed the car's value. A mechanic can assess the damage and give you an honest opinion about the best course of action, which might involve repairs or even scrapping the vehicle.
