* Power Steering Pump: This is the most common source of leaks. Look for leaks around the pump itself, especially at the seals and connections. You might see fluid dripping down the side of the pump or pooling on the engine.
* Power Steering Hoses: Inspect all the high-pressure and low-pressure hoses for cracks, bulges, or loose clamps. Leaks can occur anywhere along the hose's length. These are usually visible as fluid dripping or spraying.
* Power Steering Rack and Pinion: This is a more complex component. Leaks can occur at the seals where the steering rack enters the pinion gear. You might notice fluid leaking near the steering rack boots (rubber coverings).
* Power Steering Pressure Line Fittings: These are the connections between the hoses and the pump or rack and pinion. Leaks can occur due to loose or damaged fittings.
* Power Steering Gearbox (if applicable): While less common than other components, leaks can originate from seals within the steering gearbox itself.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Visual Inspection: With the engine off and cool, carefully inspect the entire power steering system. Look for wet spots, fluid trails, and the presence of power steering fluid (it's typically reddish). Use a flashlight to get a better view.
2. Check Fluid Level: Check the power steering fluid reservoir. A low level is a clear indication of a leak.
3. Start the Engine (with caution): While observing the power steering system, briefly start the engine and turn the steering wheel from lock to lock. This can help you identify where the leak is originating. Be cautious and have someone help so that you don't get sprayed.
4. Pressure Test (professional): For more stubborn leaks, a pressure test at a mechanic shop is recommended. This can precisely locate the source of the leak.
What to Do:
* Do not drive the car with a significant power steering leak: Driving with low power steering fluid can damage the pump.
* Address the leak promptly: The longer you wait, the more damage can occur.
* Repair or Replacement: Depending on the location and severity of the leak, the solution might involve replacing a hose, a fitting, the pump, the rack and pinion, or other components. Replacing major components often requires specialized tools and knowledge.
Recommendation: It's highly recommended to take your 1993 Lumina to a qualified mechanic for diagnosis and repair. Attempting repairs without the proper knowledge and tools could lead to further damage or injury.
