1. Steering Box (Gearbox): This is the most likely culprit. Excessive freeplay often indicates wear in the steering box itself.
* Check for play: Have someone hold the steering wheel still while you grab a wrench and try to move the input shaft (where the steering column connects to the gearbox). Significant movement here points to a worn steering box. This usually requires replacement. It's a relatively involved repair.
* Adjustment (sometimes possible, but not always recommended): Some steering boxes have an adjustment screw (usually on the bottom). Caution: Improper adjustment can worsen the problem. Only attempt this if you're experienced and understand the risks. Over-tightening can damage the box. It's generally better to replace a worn box.
2. Steering Linkage: The linkage connects the steering box to the steering knuckles. Wear or damage here can create looseness.
* Inspect tie rod ends: Carefully check the tie rod ends for play. Grab each end firmly and try to move it up and down and side to side. Any noticeable movement indicates a worn tie rod end, which needs replacement.
* Inspect idler arm: The idler arm supports the steering linkage. Check for looseness or play in the idler arm bushing and mounting. Replacement may be necessary.
* Inspect drag link: The drag link connects the center link to the steering arm. Check for play or damage along its length.
3. Steering Column: Less common, but possible. Wear in the steering column's universal joints or bearings could contribute to looseness. This typically manifests as play higher up in the steering column.
4. Worn suspension components: While less directly related to steering *feel*, worn ball joints or bushings in the suspension can create a sensation of looseness or play that feels like steering play. Inspect these for wear as well.
5. Power Steering System: Although unlikely to be the *sole* cause of substantial freeplay, low power steering fluid or a failing power steering pump can create vague steering. Check your fluid level and condition.
What to do:
1. Thorough Inspection: Start by visually inspecting all components of the steering system. Look for anything obviously damaged or worn.
2. Check for Play: Manually check for play at each joint as described above.
3. Professional Help: Unless you're experienced with automotive repair, it's best to take your Explorer to a qualified mechanic. Diagnosing and repairing steering issues requires specialized tools and knowledge. A misdiagnosis could lead to a dangerous situation.
4. Safety First: Driving with loose steering is extremely dangerous. Limit your driving until the problem is resolved.
Replacing a steering box is a major undertaking. Tie rod ends and idler arms are easier to replace, but still require some mechanical skill. If you're unsure about any step, get professional help.
