Major Indicators (Suggestive of Serious Engine Damage):
* Loud Knocking or Rod Knock: A rhythmic knocking sound, especially noticeable when accelerating, is a classic sign of connecting rod bearing failure. This is a VERY serious problem and usually means catastrophic engine damage.
* Loss of Oil Pressure: If your oil pressure gauge is reading zero or very low, or the oil pressure warning light is on, this indicates a serious problem that's likely to have caused significant engine damage. Driving with low oil pressure will quickly destroy the engine.
* Overheating: Consistent overheating, even after checking coolant levels and the radiator, often points to a problem with the cooling system *or* serious internal engine damage (e.g., a blown head gasket, cracked block).
* White or Milky Exhaust Smoke: This often indicates a blown head gasket allowing coolant to mix with the oil or enter the combustion chamber.
* Loss of Compression: A compression test by a mechanic is the definitive way to check for this. Low compression in one or more cylinders signals significant internal damage.
* Significant Loss of Power: A sudden and dramatic loss of power, accompanied by other symptoms, is a strong indicator. A gradual loss of power might indicate other issues, but a sudden loss is more concerning.
* Metal Particles in Oil: If you change your oil and find metal shavings or particles, this is a clear sign of serious internal wear.
* Visible External Damage: While less common, a cracked engine block or head will be obvious upon visual inspection (though you'll probably need to remove some components).
Less Severe, But Potentially Leading to Failure:
* Burning Oil: Excessive oil consumption can indicate worn piston rings or valve seals, eventually leading to engine damage if left unaddressed.
* Unusual Noises (besides knocking): Grinding, whining, or other unusual noises can suggest problems with internal components.
* Leaking Fluids: Significant leaks of oil, coolant, or transmission fluid can be an indicator of underlying problems that, if ignored, could damage the engine.
What to Do:
1. Don't drive the van if you suspect serious engine damage. Continued driving could worsen the problem and cause further damage.
2. Check your fluids: Oil level, coolant level, and transmission fluid level.
3. Listen carefully for unusual noises: Listen to the engine while it's running.
4. Inspect the exhaust smoke: Note the color and amount.
5. Consult a mechanic: This is crucial. A mechanic can diagnose the problem accurately with a compression test, inspection, and other diagnostic tools.
In short: A "blown" engine is a broad term. The specific cause needs diagnosis. The symptoms listed above offer clues, but a qualified mechanic is needed for a proper diagnosis and repair or replacement recommendation. Ignoring the problem will likely lead to more expensive repairs later.
