* Sealing the combustion chamber: It forms the top of the combustion chamber, sealing in the compressed air/fuel mixture before ignition and containing the resulting explosion.
* Guiding valves and/or providing space for them: It houses the intake and exhaust valves (or ports for rotary valves), allowing them to open and close precisely to control the flow of air and exhaust gases.
* Providing pathways for coolant: It incorporates passages for coolant to flow around the combustion chambers and cylinder walls, preventing overheating.
* Providing pathways for lubricating oil: It often incorporates oil passages for lubricating moving parts such as valve lifters or rocker arms.
* Mounting points for other components: It provides mounting points for various engine accessories, such as spark plugs, fuel injectors, and sensors.
In short, the cylinder head is a vital part of the engine responsible for both sealing and controlling the combustion process, as well as managing the flow of fluids needed for efficient operation.
