1. Power Supply Issues:
* Blown Fuse: Check the fuse box (usually under the hood or in the dash) for a blown fuse related to the fuel pump. The owner's manual will specify the correct fuse.
* Faulty Fuel Pump Relay: This relay acts as a switch, controlling the power to the fuel pump. A bad relay will prevent the pump from getting power. Testing the relay with a multimeter is recommended.
* Wiring Problems: Look for broken, corroded, or loose wires in the wiring harness leading to the fuel pump. This includes the connections at the pump itself. A visual inspection, and potentially tracing the wire with a multimeter, is necessary.
* Inertia Switch: Some models had an inertia switch (a safety device that cuts power to the fuel pump in a collision) that might have tripped. It's usually located under the dash or in the engine bay. Try resetting it (usually a button to push).
2. Fuel Pump Problems:
* Burned-Out Fuel Pump: The pump itself may have simply failed due to age, wear and tear, or overheating. This is a common cause.
* Clogged Fuel Filter: A clogged fuel filter restricts fuel flow, preventing the pump from working efficiently, and potentially causing it to overheat and fail. Replacing the filter is relatively inexpensive and should be done regularly.
* Fuel Pump Pressure Regulator: If the pressure regulator fails, it can either cause excessive pressure (damaging the pump) or insufficient pressure (preventing proper fuel delivery).
3. Other Potential Issues:
* Low Fuel Level: While it seems obvious, ensure the fuel tank isn't nearly empty. Some pumps need a certain fuel level to prime correctly.
* Fuel Pump Ground: A bad ground connection can prevent the pump from receiving proper voltage.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Check the fuse: This is the easiest first step.
2. Check the fuel level: Make sure the tank isn't near empty.
3. Listen for the pump: When you turn the ignition key to "on" (but don't start the engine), you should hear a brief humming sound from the fuel pump (located in the fuel tank). If you don't hear it, the pump or its power supply is the likely culprit.
4. Inspect the wiring: Check for any visible damage to the wiring leading to the fuel pump.
5. Check the relay: Test the fuel pump relay with a multimeter to ensure it's functioning properly.
6. Replace the fuel filter: This is a preventative measure, even if the pump seems to be working, it can help prevent future issues.
7. Check the inertia switch: If fitted, reset the inertia switch.
If you're not comfortable working on your vehicle's electrical system or fuel system, it's best to take it to a qualified mechanic. Improper fuel system work can be dangerous. Remember safety first – disconnect the battery negative terminal before working on the fuel system.
