* Low Power Steering Fluid: This is the most common cause. Low fluid reduces the hydraulic pressure needed to assist the steering, making it significantly harder to turn, especially at idle when the engine's power assistance is minimal. Check the fluid level and top it off if necessary. Look for leaks as well.
* Power Steering Pump Failure: A failing power steering pump can't generate enough pressure to assist the steering. This might manifest as difficulty turning, especially at idle, and possibly whining noises from the pump.
* Power Steering Rack and Pinion Issues: Worn or damaged components in the rack and pinion (the steering mechanism) can increase friction and make turning difficult. This often involves leaks or unusual noises as well.
* Power Steering Fluid Contamination: Dirty or contaminated power steering fluid can thicken and reduce its effectiveness. A fluid flush and replacement might be necessary.
* Belt Issues: A slipping or broken serpentine belt (which drives the power steering pump) will prevent the pump from functioning correctly. Check the belt's condition and tension.
* Frozen or Seized Components: In extremely cold weather, parts of the power steering system might freeze, making turning difficult.
* Tire Pressure: While less likely to be the sole cause, significantly low tire pressure can increase rolling resistance and make the car feel harder to turn. Check your tire pressure.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Check the Power Steering Fluid: This is the first and easiest thing to do.
2. Listen for Noises: Whining from the power steering pump or knocking from the rack and pinion points to a mechanical issue.
3. Inspect for Leaks: Look for fluid leaks around the pump, hoses, and rack and pinion.
4. Check the Serpentine Belt: Make sure it's properly tensioned and not damaged.
If checking the fluid level and visually inspecting the system doesn't reveal the problem, you'll likely need a mechanic to diagnose the more complex issues like pump or rack and pinion failure. Ignoring the problem could lead to more serious and costly repairs.
