Tools you'll likely need:
* Socket wrench set (metric) – you'll need various sizes, probably including 13mm, 10mm, and possibly others depending on the specific bolts.
* Ratchet and extensions
* Possibly a swivel socket for better access
* A small pry bar or similar tool (possibly)
* Wire brush (optional, for cleaning battery terminals and starter connections)
* Penetrating oil (like PB Blaster) – highly recommended
* Jack and jack stands (highly recommended for easier access and safety)
Procedure:
1. Safety First: Disconnect the negative battery cable. This is crucial to prevent accidental shorts and injury.
2. Access: The starter is typically located on the passenger side of the engine, towards the bottom. Jacking up the car and supporting it securely with jack stands will give you much better access. This is highly recommended.
3. Locate the Starter: Identify the starter motor itself. It's usually a relatively large, cylindrical component bolted to the engine block.
4. Disconnect the Electrical Connections: There will be at least two large electrical cables connected to the starter. These are usually held on by bolts. Use the appropriate socket size to carefully remove these bolts and disconnect the cables. It's a good idea to mark or photograph which cable goes where before disconnecting to avoid confusion during reassembly.
5. Remove the Starter Bolts: The starter is held to the engine block by typically two bolts. These can be difficult to reach depending on the engine's position. Spray penetrating oil on these bolts several hours or even overnight before attempting removal. This will loosen any rust or corrosion. Use your ratchet and extensions or a swivel to reach them. Remove the bolts.
6. Remove the Starter: Once the bolts are removed, the starter should be relatively free. You may need to gently wiggle or pry it loose. Be careful not to damage anything around the starter.
7. Clean: Once removed, it is a good time to clean the starter mounting surface on the engine and the starter itself. A wire brush is helpful for this.
8. Installation: Installation is the reverse of removal. Make sure to torque the bolts to the manufacturer's specification.
Important Considerations:
* Penetrating Oil: This is your best friend in this process. Rust and corrosion are common on older vehicles, and penetrating oil will significantly help in loosening stubborn bolts.
* Difficult Access: Access can be tight. You may need to use extensions and swivel sockets to reach the starter bolts. Be patient and work methodically.
* Torque Specifications: Look up the correct torque specifications for the starter bolts in your vehicle's repair manual. Over-tightening can damage the starter or the engine block.
* Repair Manual: A repair manual specific to your 1983 Chevy Impala with the 3.8L V6 is highly recommended. It will provide detailed diagrams and instructions, making the process much easier and safer.
If you're uncomfortable with this task, it's always best to seek the help of a qualified mechanic. Working under a car can be dangerous if not done properly. Remember to always prioritize safety.
