* Engine design: Different engines have different tolerances for heat. Some materials and designs are more resistant to high temperatures than others.
* Coolant system function: A properly functioning cooling system is crucial. If the coolant isn't circulating effectively, the engine will overheat much faster. Leaks, a faulty thermostat, a clogged radiator, or a failing water pump all contribute to overheating.
* Oil condition and level: Oil lubricates and cools engine components. Low oil, degraded oil (due to age or contamination), or insufficient oil pressure dramatically increases the risk of seizing.
* Driving conditions: Heavy loads, prolonged idling, and driving in stop-and-go traffic generate more heat than cruising at a steady speed.
* Ambient temperature: High external temperatures exacerbate overheating issues.
While you might see warning lights at around 220-250°F (104-121°C), the actual temperature at which an engine seizes can be significantly higher, or even lower if other factors are unfavorable. The critical point is often reached well before the engine reaches a specific temperature on a gauge. Damage can start to occur long before any warning light illuminates. The crucial point is that severe overheating is happening long before the engine actually seizes.
In short, there's no magic number. The focus should be on preventing overheating rather than waiting to see how hot the engine gets before it fails. Ignoring overheating symptoms can lead to catastrophic and expensive engine damage.
