1. Lubrication: Oil's primary function is to lubricate the various moving parts of the engine, reducing friction and wear. It creates a thin film between metal surfaces, allowing them to move smoothly against each other.
2. Cooling: Oil helps to dissipate heat from critical engine components, such as pistons, bearings, and cylinder walls. As oil circulates through the engine, it absorbs heat and carries it away to the oil cooler or oil pan, where it can dissipate.
3. Cleaning: Oil helps to clean the engine by carrying away dirt, debris, and metal shavings produced by normal wear and tear. These contaminants are trapped in the oil filter, which needs to be replaced regularly to maintain oil cleanliness.
4. Sealing: Oil helps to seal the gaps between moving parts, such as piston rings and cylinder walls, preventing the leakage of compression and combustion gases.
5. Corrosion Protection: Oil contains additives that help to protect metal surfaces from corrosion caused by moisture, acids, and other contaminants.
6. Hydraulic Function: In some engines, oil is used to actuate hydraulic components such as variable valve timing (VVT) systems and hydraulic lifters.
Regular oil changes and maintenance are essential for ensuring the engine has clean and sufficient oil to perform these functions effectively. Neglecting oil changes can lead to increased engine wear, reduced performance, and potential engine damage.
