Fuel Injection: In modern vehicles, petrol is delivered to the engine through a fuel injection system. Fuel injectors spray a mist of petrol directly into the engine's combustion chamber just before the compression stroke.
Air-Fuel Mixture: Gasoline mixes with air to form a combustible air-fuel mixture. The ratio of air to petrol (known as the air-fuel ratio) is precisely controlled to ensure efficient combustion.
Combustion: When the piston compresses the air-fuel mixture, a spark plug generates an electric spark to ignite it. The burning mixture expands rapidly, creating pressure that drives the piston down in the cylinder.
Power Generation: The downward movement of the pistons is the power stroke, which generates the mechanical energy that powers the car.
Some engines, such as diesel engines, use a slightly different process involving compression ignition rather than spark ignition. However, diesel-powered cars also use fuel, commonly referred to as diesel fuel, that has similar characteristics to petrol. In modern vehicles, efficient engine management systems, emission controls, and advanced fuel injection technologies aim to optimize fuel efficiency while reducing emissions associated with petrol combustion.
