- Fuel cells are highly efficient. They typically have an efficiency of 40-60%, which is much higher than the efficiency of internal combustion engines. This means that fuel cells can use less fuel to produce the same amount of power.
- Fuel cells are zero-emissions. They do not produce any harmful emissions, such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, or sulfur oxides. This makes them a clean and environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels.
- Fuel cells are quiet. They do not produce any noise or vibrations, making them ideal for use in residential neighborhoods or other sensitive areas.
- Fuel cells are scalable. They can be used in small, portable applications, such as cell phones or laptops, as well as in larger, stationary applications, such as power plants.
- Fuel cells are reliable. They can operate for long periods of time with little or no maintenance.
Disadvantages of fuel cells:
- Fuel cells are still relatively expensive. The cost of fuel cells has been declining in recent years, but they are still more expensive than internal combustion engines.
- Fuel cells require a source of hydrogen. Hydrogen is not naturally occurring, so it must be produced using other means, such as electrolysis, reforming of natural gas, or coal gasification.
- Fuel cells can be complex to design and manufacture. They require specialized materials and components, and they must be carefully controlled to operate safely and efficiently.
- Fuel cells produce water as a byproduct. Although water is not a harmful emission, it can be a nuisance if it is not properly managed.
