1. Uneven Wear: When brake pads press against warped rotors, it can cause uneven wear on the rotor surface, leading to a "washboard" effect. This uneven surface creates vibrations that are felt in the steering wheel when braking.
2. Deformation: Excessive heat generated during heavy braking can cause the brake rotors to deform or warp. This deformation can also lead to uneven wear and vibration.
3. Thickness Variation: Over time, brake rotors can develop variations in thickness due to uneven pad wear or improper machining. These variations can cause the brake pads to grab unevenly, resulting in vibrations.
Here are a few ways to check if your rotors are warped:
1. Visual Inspection: Remove the wheels and visually inspect the rotors for signs of uneven wear or warping. Look for grooves or ridges on the rotor surface.
2. Rotation Test: Rotate the rotors by hand and check for any wobbling or pulsating movement. If you feel a significant vibration, it's likely that the rotors are warped.
3. Dial Gauge Test: Use a dial gauge to measure the rotor's run-out (side-to-side movement). If the run-out exceeds the manufacturer's specified limits, the rotors are considered warped.
If you confirm that your rotors are warped, you will need to have them replaced or resurfaced. Resurfacing involves removing a thin layer of metal from the rotor surface to make it smooth again. However, if the rotors are severely warped, they may need to be replaced.
In summary, warped brake rotors can cause the steering wheel to shake when braking, especially at higher speeds. To diagnose the issue, it is recommended to visually inspect the rotors, perform rotation and dial gauge tests, and consider replacing or resurfacing the rotors as needed.
