- Coach cars: Standard seating
- Sleeper cars: Overnight accommodations
- Dining cars: Meals and beverages
- Lounge cars: Relaxation and socializing
- Club cars: Exclusive amenities
Freight Cars:
- Boxcars: Enclosed for general cargo
- Gondola cars: Open-top for bulk materials
- Hopper cars: Open-top for loose materials
- Flatcars: Open-top for large objects
- Refrigerator cars: Temperature-controlled
Special Purpose Cars:
- Cabooses: Rear end car for crew
- Maintenance-of-way cars: Track maintenance
- Snowplows: Clear snow from tracks
- Rotary snowplows: Heavy snow removal
- Autorack cars: Transport automobiles
Locomotives:
- Diesel-electric: Powered by diesel engine
- Electric: Powered by external electricity
- Steam: Historical, powered by steam
- Gas turbine: Rarely used, powered by gas turbine
