Here's why:
1. Increased Air Density: Turbochargers compress the air before it enters the engine's cylinders. This increases the air density, allowing more oxygen to be packed into each combustion chamber. As a result, more fuel can be burned efficiently, leading to better fuel economy and increased power output.
2. Improved Combustion: The higher air density achieved with turbocharging allows for more complete and efficient combustion of the fuel. The compressed air helps atomize the fuel droplets more effectively, resulting in a faster and more thorough burn. This improved combustion process reduces the amount of unburned fuel and emissions.
3. Reduced Engine Load: Turbochargers help reduce the engine's workload by providing additional air pressure. This means the engine doesn't have to work as hard to draw in air, which results in lower fuel consumption.
4. Optimization for Medium Revolutions: Turbochargers can be designed and optimized to deliver their maximum efficiency at specific engine revolutions. This makes them particularly efficient at medium revolutions, where most vehicles operate during regular driving conditions.
5. Better Torque: Turbochargers provide an increase in torque, which is the twisting force that propels the vehicle forward. This enhanced torque at medium revolutions contributes to better acceleration and overall performance.
However, it's worth noting that while turbocharged diesel engines may be more efficient at medium revolutions, they can be less efficient at very low or very high revolutions compared to naturally aspirated (non-turbo) diesel engines.
