1. Identify the Problem:
* All brake lights out: This suggests a problem with the power source, a blown fuse, or a faulty brake light switch.
* One or two brake lights out: This points to a problem with the bulb, wiring to that specific light, or the light itself.
* Brake lights only work intermittently: This usually indicates a loose connection or a failing component (switch, wiring, etc.).
2. Check the Basics:
* Bulbs: This is the most common cause. Check all three brake light bulbs (one center high-mounted stop lamp (CHMSL) and two tail/brake lights). Replace any burned-out bulbs. Make sure you're using the correct wattage bulb specified in your owner's manual.
* Fuses: Consult your owner's manual to locate the brake light fuse(s). Check if they're blown. Replace any blown fuses with the correct amperage. Don't replace a blown fuse with a higher amperage fuse; this can cause a fire.
3. Brake Light Switch:
This switch is usually located on the brake pedal assembly. It activates when you depress the brake pedal, completing the circuit to the brake lights.
* Visual Inspection: Check the switch for any signs of damage, corrosion, or loose connections.
* Testing: You can test the switch with a multimeter (set to ohms). The switch should show continuity (close to zero ohms) when the brake pedal is depressed and infinite resistance (open circuit) when the pedal is released. If you're uncomfortable with this, have a mechanic check it. Replacing the brake light switch is often relatively inexpensive and straightforward.
4. Wiring:
* Visual Inspection: Carefully inspect the wiring harness running from the brake light switch to the taillights, including the CHMSL. Look for any broken wires, loose connections, corrosion, or chafing against metal parts. Repair or replace any damaged wiring.
* Continuity Test: Using a multimeter, you can check the continuity of the wiring from the switch to each brake light.
5. Tail Light Assemblies:
* Grounding: Ensure the ground connection on each taillight assembly is clean and secure. Corrosion can prevent a proper ground, causing the lights to malfunction.
6. CHMSL (Center High-Mounted Stop Lamp):
* Bulb and Fuse: Check the CHMSL bulb and its associated fuse (if separate).
7. When to Seek Professional Help:
If you're not comfortable working with car electrical systems or have exhausted the above steps without success, it's best to take your Caprice to a qualified mechanic. They have the tools and expertise to diagnose more complex electrical problems.
Important Note: Always disconnect the negative battery terminal before working on any electrical components in your vehicle to prevent accidental shorts or shocks. Remember safety first!
