Oil Leaks: Oil leaks can drop oil onto hot engine components, particularly around the exhaust manifold or catalytic converter. This burning oil can generate blue smoke.
Coolant Leaks: A leak in the cooling system can allow coolant to enter the combustion chamber through a faulty head gasket or cracked cylinder head. This coolant can burn and produce white or gray smoke.
Faulty Turbocharger: If a car has a turbocharger, a damaged turbo seal can cause oil to seep into the exhaust system, resulting in blue or white smoke.
Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) Regeneration: In modern diesel vehicles equipped with a DPF to trap soot particles, the periodic regeneration process can create white or gray smoke as accumulated soot burns off at high temperatures.
Fuel Issues: In rare cases, certain fuel-related issues, such as low-quality fuel or problems with fuel injectors, can lead to incomplete combustion and result in visible smoke from the exhaust.
Remember that the appearance and color of smoke can vary, and it's essential to consult with a qualified mechanic to identify the specific cause and appropriate solution for smoke from a car.