Here's a general guide. Specifics may vary slightly depending on the engine (2.2L or 2.0L) and transmission (automatic or manual). Consult a repair manual specific to your 1994 Subaru Legacy for detailed diagrams and torque specifications. This is a general overview, and using a repair manual is strongly recommended.
Tools You'll Likely Need:
* Socket wrench set (metric)
* Ratchet
* Extensions
* Wrenches (metric)
* Jack and jack stands (essential for safety)
* Wheel chocks
* Pry bar (possibly)
* Wire brush (to clean terminals)
* New starter motor
* Battery terminal cleaner (optional, but recommended)
Steps:
1. Safety First: Disconnect the negative (-) battery terminal.
2. Access the Starter: The starter is typically located on the passenger side of the engine, near the bell housing (the part of the transmission that connects to the engine). You'll likely need to:
* Raise the vehicle: Use a jack and jack stands to safely lift the vehicle. Securely chock the wheels.
* Remove the right-front wheel: This will give you better access.
* Remove some undertray components: There might be plastic or metal shields that need to be removed to get a clear view of the starter. These usually use bolts or clips.
3. Disconnect the Starter Wiring:
* There will be at least two large cables connected to the starter: a positive (+) cable and a smaller cable that might be for the solenoid. Carefully disconnect these using the appropriate wrenches. Take photos or make notes if needed to remember how they connect.
* Clean the terminals with a wire brush to ensure good contact when you reinstall.
4. Remove the Starter Bolts:
* The starter is held in place by one or more bolts. These are usually difficult to reach. You might need extensions and a swivel socket to get to them. They might be a bit stubborn; use penetrating oil if needed.
* Carefully remove the bolts.
5. Remove the Starter: Once the bolts are out, the starter should come loose. It might be a tight fit, and you may need to use a pry bar (carefully!) to gently ease it out. Be mindful of not damaging any surrounding components.
6. Install the New Starter:
* Clean the mounting surface on the engine block.
* Carefully align the new starter with the mounting holes.
* Install the bolts and tighten them to the manufacturer's specified torque (consult your repair manual).
7. Reconnect the Wiring:
* Reconnect the positive (+) and smaller cables to the new starter, ensuring a tight connection.
8. Reassemble:
* Reinstall any shields or undertray components you removed.
* Replace the wheel.
* Lower the vehicle.
9. Reconnect the Battery: Connect the negative (-) battery terminal.
10. Test the Starter: Try starting the car. If it doesn't start, double-check all connections and ensure the new starter is properly installed.
Important Considerations:
* Repair Manual: Using a repair manual specific to your 1994 Subaru Legacy is highly recommended. It will provide detailed diagrams, torque specifications, and step-by-step instructions.
* Penetrating Oil: Use penetrating oil on the starter bolts to help loosen them.
* Torque Specifications: Tighten all bolts to the manufacturer's specified torque to prevent damage.
* Safety: Always disconnect the negative battery terminal before starting any work. Work in a well-ventilated area.
If you're uncomfortable performing this repair yourself, it's best to take your car to a qualified mechanic. Improper installation can lead to damage or injury.
