1. Diagnosis:
* Confirm it's a lifter: Before tearing into the engine, *absolutely confirm* it's a lifter. A ticking noise could be caused by other things like a worn timing chain, failing rocker arms, or even a loose exhaust manifold. Listen closely to pinpoint the location of the noise. A stuck lifter usually makes a loud, consistent tapping or clicking sound.
* Check oil pressure and level: Low oil pressure or insufficient oil can contribute to lifter sticking. Make sure the oil level is correct and the oil pressure is within the manufacturer's specifications.
* Check for other problems: A stuck lifter can sometimes be a symptom of a larger issue, such as sludge buildup, clogged oil passages, or a collapsed lifter.
2. Methods to try *before* engine disassembly (These are less invasive):
* Oil Change with Additives: A good quality oil change with a lifter additive (containing detergents and friction modifiers) can sometimes free up a stuck lifter. Run the engine for a while after the change to allow the additive to work. This is the least invasive option and is worth a try.
* Engine Running with Additive: Some mechanics advocate adding the additive to the existing oil and running the engine for a short period, carefully monitoring for any unusual noises or behavior. This is risky and should only be attempted if you are confident in your ability to identify further problems.
3. Engine Disassembly (if the above methods fail):
If the above methods don't work, you'll likely need to remove the valve covers and potentially the intake manifold (depending on accessibility) to reach the lifters. This is a much more involved process requiring mechanical skills and tools.
* Remove Valve Covers: Carefully remove the valve covers to access the rocker arms and lifters.
* Inspect lifters: Examine each lifter. A stuck lifter might be visibly jammed or show signs of damage.
* Attempt to free the lifter: Try gently tapping the stuck lifter with a small hammer and punch (brass or nylon punch is preferred to avoid damage). Be extremely gentle; excessive force can damage the lifter or camshaft. You can also try using a specialized lifter removal tool to gently pry the lifter out.
* Inspect Camshaft and Rocker Arms: Check the camshaft lobe for wear or damage. Inspect rocker arms and pushrods for damage. A damaged component could be causing the lifter to stick.
* Check Oil Passages: Ensure the oil passages to the lifters are clear. A blocked passage will prevent proper oil flow. This may require some specialized cleaning.
* Replace: If the lifter is damaged or can't be freed, replace it. Consider replacing all lifters at this time for consistency.
4. Reassembly:
Once the problem is addressed, carefully reassemble everything. Double-check the rocker arm adjustment and valve lash to the manufacturer's specifications.
Important Considerations:
* Mechanical Skills: This is a complex repair requiring mechanical experience. If you're not comfortable with engine disassembly and reassembly, take it to a qualified mechanic.
* Tools: You will need a variety of tools, including sockets, wrenches, screwdrivers, a torque wrench, and potentially specialized tools for lifter removal.
* Safety: Always disconnect the battery negative terminal before working on the engine. Use appropriate safety glasses and gloves.
Prevention:
* Regular Oil Changes: Regular oil changes using the correct grade and type of oil are crucial for preventing lifter issues.
* Quality Oil: Use high-quality oil that meets the manufacturer's recommendations.
* Avoid Prolonged Idling: Extended idling can lead to sludge buildup and contribute to lifter problems.
This information is for guidance only. Consult a Ford 390 engine repair manual for detailed instructions and specifications. Improper repair can cause significant damage to your engine. If you're unsure about any step, seek professional help.
