Possible Causes:
* Distributor Rotor Misalignment: The rotor itself might be incorrectly seated on the distributor shaft. This is the most likely cause.
* Distributor Cap Misalignment: The distributor cap might be incorrectly positioned on the distributor. The rotor and cap must be correctly aligned.
* Distributor Shaft Misalignment: The distributor shaft itself might be out of alignment within the distributor housing. This is less common but possible.
* Distributor Incorrectly Installed: The entire distributor might be installed in the wrong position on the engine block. This is a major misalignment and requires careful reinstallation.
* Incorrect Timing Chain or Belt: If the timing chain or belt is off, the engine's crankshaft and camshaft won't be properly synchronized, leading to incorrect distributor rotor position. This is a serious issue with potentially damaging consequences if not addressed correctly.
Repair Steps:
1. Verification: Double-check that you've accurately identified TDC for cylinder #1. Use a reliable method (such as a degree wheel and timing light or a piston stop) to ensure you're at the correct position.
2. Visual Inspection: Carefully inspect the distributor cap and rotor for any obvious damage or misalignment. Look for cracks, wear, or loose connections.
3. Distributor Rotor Alignment: If the rotor is misaligned, try carefully rotating the rotor to align it with cylinder #1. However, do this only if you're confident it's just a minor misalignment; forcing it could cause damage.
4. Distributor Cap Alignment: Ensure the distributor cap is correctly seated and aligned with the rotor. There should be clear markings on the cap and distributor that indicate correct alignment.
5. Distributor Installation: If the previous steps don't resolve the issue, you might have to remove the distributor and reinstall it. This requires precise alignment based on the engine's timing marks. This process often involves:
* Removing the distributor: Carefully remove the distributor, taking note of its position and any markings.
* Aligning to timing marks: Use the engine's timing marks (usually on the crankshaft pulley and timing cover) to align the distributor correctly. This often involves a specific alignment procedure which will vary depending on the specific engine. Consult a repair manual for your engine.
* Reinstalling the distributor: Carefully reinstall the distributor, ensuring it's properly seated and aligned.
6. Timing Chain/Belt Check: If you suspect a timing chain or belt issue, this requires a more involved repair that should only be undertaken by someone experienced with engine timing. An incorrectly timed engine can cause serious internal damage.
7. Professional Help: If you're not comfortable performing these repairs yourself, especially those involving timing chain/belt, it's strongly recommended to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. Improper distributor or timing alignment can cause engine damage.
Important Notes:
* Repair Manual: Obtain a repair manual specific to your vehicle's make, model, and year. It will contain detailed instructions and diagrams for your engine's distributor and ignition system.
* Safety: Always disconnect the battery's negative terminal before working on the ignition system.
* Tools: You'll likely need specialized tools, such as a timing light, a degree wheel (for precise timing adjustments), and possibly a distributor alignment tool, depending on the complexity of the repair.
Misalignment of the distributor can be a frustrating issue but addressing it correctly is crucial for proper engine function and preventing further damage. Don't hesitate to seek professional help if you are unsure about any step of the process.
