1. Preparation:
* Park on a level surface: This makes the process easier and safer.
* Disconnect the battery: This is a crucial safety step to prevent accidental short circuits.
* Locate the wiper arm nut: You'll need to find the nut (usually a large one) that secures the wiper arm to the wiper transmission spindle. It's often hidden under a plastic cap. This cap might just pop off or may require a small flathead screwdriver to pry it gently.
2. Removing the Wiper Arm:
* Release the wiper arm: Most importantly, do not just try to unscrew the nut. Instead, you need to release the arm from the spindle. This is usually done by lifting the wiper arm away from the windshield slightly. This breaks the friction and allows the arm to freely spin. This is vital to avoid bending the spindle. Some force may be needed at this step.
* Hold the wiper arm: Once released, firmly hold the wiper arm. This is crucial.
* Unscrew the nut: Use a wrench or socket of the appropriate size to unscrew the nut counterclockwise. Keep holding the wiper arm firmly while you do this!
* Remove the wiper arm: Once the nut is off, the wiper arm should come off the spindle.
Important Considerations:
* Stubborn nuts: If the nut is extremely stubborn, try using a penetrating oil (like PB Blaster) to loosen it before attempting to unscrew it. Let it soak for a while.
* Wiper arm puller: For extremely difficult removals, a wiper arm puller tool can be purchased at auto parts stores. This tool helps to prevent damage to the wiper arm and spindle.
* Spindle damage: Be extremely careful not to damage the wiper transmission spindle. If the spindle gets bent or broken, you'll likely need to replace the whole wiper transmission assembly, which is more costly and complex.
* Rust: If your vehicle is older and rusty, the nut could be seized. Use appropriate tools and techniques to avoid stripping the nut or damaging the spindle. Penetrating oil is your friend here.
After Removal:
* Clean the spindle: Once the wiper arm is removed, clean the spindle of any dirt or debris. This will help ensure a proper fit when installing the new arm.
Remember to reverse the process when installing the new wiper arm. Make sure the arm is correctly aligned before tightening the nut. Tighten the nut securely, but avoid over-tightening.
