Tools You'll Likely Need:
* Jack and jack stands: Absolutely essential for safety. Never work under a car supported only by a jack.
* Wheel chocks: To secure the rear wheels.
* Lug wrench: To remove the wheel.
* Socket set and wrench set (metric): Various sizes will be needed.
* Hammer and punch: Possibly for stubborn components.
* Bearing puller: Essential for removing the old bearing. A two-jaw puller is generally preferred.
* Bearing race installer: To install the new inner and outer races correctly without damaging them. A socket and hammer might work in a pinch, but a proper installer is safer.
* Torque wrench: Crucial for tightening components to the correct specification.
* Penetrating oil (like PB Blaster): To help loosen rusted or seized components.
* Grease: Pack the new bearing with fresh grease.
* New wheel bearing assembly: Get the correct part number for your Festiva. It's usually sold as a complete unit (hub assembly).
General Steps (Consult your repair manual for specifics):
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, chock the rear wheels, and use jack stands to securely lift the front of the car.
2. Remove the Wheel: Loosen the lug nuts before jacking up the car. Remove the wheel.
3. Remove the Brake Caliper: Usually involves removing a couple of bolts to detach the caliper. Support the caliper with a wire or bungee cord to prevent it from dangling and stressing the brake line.
4. Remove the Rotor: The rotor might be held on by a single nut in the center. You might need a special rotor removal tool to avoid damaging it.
5. Remove the Axle Nut: This is typically a large nut on the end of the axle shaft. You may need a breaker bar and penetrating oil to loosen it.
6. Remove the Hub Assembly: This is where the bearing puller comes in. The hub assembly typically needs to be pulled from the knuckle. The exact method varies depending on the year and model. Your repair manual will guide you through this crucial step.
7. Replace the Bearing: The old hub assembly (which contains the bearing) is replaced with the new one.
8. Install the Hub Assembly (Reverse of Removal): Make sure everything aligns correctly and the new bearing is properly seated.
9. Install the Rotor: Tighten to the manufacturer's specifications.
10. Install the Brake Caliper: Make sure the caliper is properly mounted.
11. Install the Wheel: Tighten lug nuts to the manufacturer's specifications.
12. Lower the Vehicle: Remove the jack stands.
13. Torque Check: After driving a short distance, double-check the torque on the axle nut and lug nuts.
Important Considerations:
* Pressing Bearings: Pressing the new bearing into the hub assembly is critical. Using the correct tools and techniques is vital to avoid damage. If you're uncomfortable doing this, consider having a professional mechanic handle it.
* ABS Sensor: If your Festiva has anti-lock brakes (ABS), there's an ABS sensor on the hub. Be careful not to damage it during the process.
* Torque Specifications: Adhering to the manufacturer's torque specifications is crucial for the safety and longevity of your vehicle.
Disclaimer: This is a general guide. Incorrectly performing this repair can lead to serious injury or damage to your vehicle. If you're not comfortable with this type of repair, consult a qualified mechanic. Always consult a repair manual specific to your 1991 Ford Festiva for accurate and detailed instructions.
