Here's a general outline of the process. Again, consult your vehicle's repair manual for precise details and torque specifications:
1. Preparation:
* Safety First: Jack up the car securely using jack stands. Never work under a car supported only by a jack. Disconnect the negative battery terminal.
* Gather Tools: You'll need a jack, jack stands, lug wrench, wheel chocks, socket set (metric), possibly a torque wrench, a hammer, a pry bar, penetrating oil (like PB Blaster), possibly a bearing race and seal installer/remover tool, and a clean workspace.
* Identify the correct parts: Obtain the correct rear wheel bearing assembly for your Impala's year and model. Parts stores can help you with this.
2. Removing the Wheel and Brake Components:
* Remove the wheel: Loosen the lug nuts before jacking up the car. Remove the wheel.
* Remove the brake caliper: Use a C-clamp or suitable tool to compress the brake caliper piston. This will allow you to remove the caliper and hang it out of the way using some wire or a bungee cord. *Be careful not to damage the brake line.*
* Remove the rotor: This might require some persuasion if it's rusted on. Use penetrating oil and a hammer or pry bar carefully.
* Remove the axle nut: This is often a very large nut and may require a breaker bar and possibly an impact wrench. Note its position and thread direction carefully before removing it. You may need to hold the axle from spinning while removing this nut.
3. Removing the Bearing Assembly (This step varies greatly depending on your Impala's design):
* Independent Rear Suspension: This often involves removing various suspension components (control arms, etc.) to access the bearing assembly. The bearing is typically pressed into the hub assembly. You’ll likely need a hydraulic press or specialized bearing puller tool to remove it.
* Solid Rear Axle: This usually involves removing the axle shaft after the axle nut and brake components are off. The wheel bearing is typically housed within the axle housing. Removing it might involve hammering out the old bearing using a drift or bearing removal tool and then pressing in the new one.
4. Installing the New Bearing Assembly:
* Pressing in the new bearing: Use a press or bearing installer to carefully press the new bearing into the hub or axle housing. This requires precision to avoid damaging the new bearing.
* Reinstall Components: Reverse the removal process, carefully reinstalling the rotor, caliper, axle, axle nut, and wheel. Ensure everything is properly aligned. Torque the axle nut to the manufacturer's specified torque value. This is extremely important to prevent premature bearing failure.
5. Final Checks:
* Torque Specifications: Check the torque specs for all bolts and nuts in your repair manual.
* Wheel Bearing Play: Check for any play in the wheel bearing by grabbing the wheel at the top and bottom and trying to move it. There should be no significant play.
* Brake System: After reinstalling the brake caliper, pump the brakes several times to ensure there is proper pressure.
* Test Drive: Perform a short test drive to check for any vibrations or unusual noises.
Important Considerations:
* Repair Manual: This is crucial. The instructions above are generalized; your Impala's specific procedure will vary.
* Specialized Tools: You might need specialized tools like a hydraulic press, bearing puller, and installer. Renting these is often a cheaper option than buying them.
* Safety: Working on your car can be dangerous. Be careful, take your time, and prioritize safety. If you're uncomfortable performing this repair, take it to a qualified mechanic.
Replacing a rear wheel bearing is not a beginner's job. If you lack experience working on cars, it is strongly recommended to seek professional assistance from a qualified mechanic to avoid damage to your vehicle or personal injury.
