Here's a general outline of the process. Specific steps and tools may vary slightly depending on your exact model and year. Always consult a repair manual specific to your vehicle for precise instructions and torque specifications. A Haynes or Chilton manual is a good investment.
Tools You'll Likely Need:
* Jack and jack stands: Essential for safe vehicle lifting.
* Wheel chocks: For added safety.
* Lug wrench: To remove the wheel.
* Socket set and wrenches: Various sizes will be needed.
* Hammer and punch: For removing components.
* Bearing race and seal installer/remover set: These specialized tools are crucial for proper bearing installation and removal without damage. Improper installation can ruin the bearing.
* Torque wrench: To tighten bolts to the correct specifications.
* Penetrating oil (PB Blaster or similar): To help loosen rusted or seized bolts.
* Wheel bearing grease: Pack the new bearing with this.
* Clean rags and shop towels: To keep things clean.
* Pry bar (carefully used): Might be needed to help separate components.
General Steps (Consult your repair manual for precise details):
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and use wheel chocks on the wheels opposite the one you're working on. Raise the vehicle safely using the jack and secure it on jack stands.
2. Remove the Wheel: Remove the lug nuts and carefully remove the wheel.
3. Remove the Brake Caliper and Rotor: Remove the brake caliper (support it with wire or a bungee cord to prevent stress on the brake line) and then remove the rotor. Clean the rotor with brake cleaner if needed.
4. Remove the Axle Nut: This is often a very large nut and may require a breaker bar and significant force. Penetrating oil may be your friend here. Mark the nut's position relative to the axle flange before loosening. This is crucial for proper reassembly.
5. Remove the Axle Flange: The axle flange is usually held on by several bolts. Remove these bolts. You may need a pry bar to help separate the flange. Be careful not to damage the axle seal.
6. Remove the Old Wheel Bearing: This is where the bearing race and seal installer/remover set becomes crucial. Use the correct tools to carefully remove the old bearing and races. The bearing may be pressed onto the axle, requiring a press to remove it.
7. Clean and Inspect: Thoroughly clean the hub assembly. Inspect the hub for any damage.
8. Install the New Wheel Bearing: Pack the new wheel bearing with grease. Use the bearing race and seal installer/remover set to carefully install the new bearing and races. Ensure everything is properly seated.
9. Reassembly: Reassemble everything in the reverse order of disassembly, ensuring all bolts are tightened to the manufacturer's specifications using the torque wrench. Pay close attention to the axle nut's position if you marked it.
10. Torque Specifications: This is critical! Incorrect torque can lead to premature failure or damage. Refer to your repair manual for the exact torque values for every bolt.
11. Test Drive: After reassembly, carefully test drive the vehicle to ensure the bearing is working correctly. Listen for any unusual noises.
Important Considerations:
* ABS Sensor: Even without ABS on the entire car, there might be a speed sensor on the rear axle near the wheel bearing. Be very careful not to damage it during the process.
* Pressing Tools: Trying to install the bearing without the proper tools will almost certainly damage it. Renting these tools from an auto parts store might be worthwhile if you only do this once.
* Repair Manual: This is highly recommended. Pictures and diagrams are invaluable.
This is a complex process. If you're unsure about any step, seek professional help. A damaged bearing can lead to serious problems, and improper installation can be dangerous.
