1. Power Issues:
* Fuses: Check the fuse(s) related to the wipers. Your owner's manual should indicate which fuse(s) control the wiper motor. A blown fuse is the easiest fix.
* Wiring: Inspect the wiring harness leading to the wiper motor for any breaks, corrosion, or loose connections. Pay close attention to the area where the wires enter the firewall and the connection at the wiper switch.
* Switch: The wiper switch itself could be faulty. Testing this often requires some electrical knowledge and a multimeter. A bad switch is a common culprit.
* Motor Power Supply: With the ignition on, test for power at the wiper motor connector using a multimeter. You should have power present when the switch is activated.
2. Mechanical Issues:
* Motor: The wiper motor itself might be seized or burned out. This is a more involved repair requiring motor replacement or rebuild. You might hear a clicking sound if the motor is trying to engage but can't turn.
* Linkage: The linkage connecting the motor to the wiper arms can be rusted, seized, broken, or disconnected. This is common in older cars. Inspect for rust, bending, or breakage along the entire linkage system. Lubrication might help if it's just stiff.
* Wiper Arms: The wiper arms themselves might be stuck to the windshield due to rust or debris. Try gently prying them loose (be careful not to scratch the glass).
* Transmission: Some wiper systems have a transmission between the motor and the arms. This could be seized or worn out.
3. Environmental Factors:
* Ice or Freezing: In cold weather, ice can freeze the wiper mechanism. Try using de-icer fluid and letting it thaw.
* Debris: Leaves, dirt, or other debris could be jamming the mechanism. Clean the area around the wiper motor and linkage.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Start with the easy stuff: Check the fuses first.
2. Visual Inspection: Carefully examine the entire wiper system, from the switch to the wiper arms, looking for obvious problems like broken parts, corrosion, or debris.
3. Test for Power: Use a multimeter to check for power at the wiper motor connector.
4. Lubrication (carefully!): If the linkage seems stiff, try lubricating it with a penetrating oil like WD-40 or a suitable lubricant. Avoid spraying directly onto electrical components.
5. Manual Operation (if possible): Some older wiper systems allowed for manual operation of the arms. See if you can move them by hand to rule out only a linkage issue.
If you're not comfortable working with electrical systems or car mechanics, it's best to take your Chevelle to a qualified mechanic. Replacing the motor or repairing the linkage can be challenging depending on your experience. Remember safety first when working on your car!
