Here's a step-by-step guide:
1. Gather Your Supplies:
* New DOT 3 brake fluid: Check your owner's manual to confirm the correct type. DOT 3 is common for this era. Buy a fresh bottle – brake fluid absorbs moisture over time.
* Brake fluid bleeder wrench: This is usually a 8mm or 10mm, but check your car.
* Clear tubing: A length of about 3 feet to fit over the bleeder valve.
* Container to catch the old fluid: A jar or bottle will do. Make sure it's clear so you can see the fluid's condition.
* Wrench for the brake caliper: Might need an open end or combination wrench, depending on your caliper bolts.
* Gloves: Brake fluid is corrosive to skin.
* Jack and jack stands: Essential for safety. Never work under a car supported only by a jack.
* Wheel chocks: To secure the wheels that aren't being worked on.
* Clean rags or shop towels: For spills.
* A helper: This makes the job significantly easier.
2. Prepare the Vehicle:
* Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake firmly.
* Place wheel chocks behind the wheels not being worked on.
* Jack up the vehicle and securely support it on jack stands. Consult your owner's manual for jack points.
* Remove the wheels you'll be working on.
3. Bleeding the Brakes:
The El Camino likely has a dual-circuit braking system (front and rear). You'll need to bleed each caliper individually, ideally starting with the furthest wheel from the master cylinder (usually a rear wheel) and working your way closer. The order generally recommended is:
* Rear passenger side
* Rear driver side
* Front passenger side
* Front driver side
Bleeding Process (for each wheel):
* Locate the bleeder valve: It's typically a small valve on top of the brake caliper.
* Attach the clear tubing to the bleeder valve: The other end of the tubing should be submerged in the container of brake fluid.
* Have your helper pump the brake pedal slowly and firmly several times. They should hold the pedal down.
* Open the bleeder valve slightly: A slow, steady stream of old brake fluid should flow into the container.
* Close the bleeder valve: Once the fluid runs clear or the bubbles stop.
* Repeat steps 3-5 several times: Until the fluid coming out is clean and free of air bubbles.
* Repeat the bleeding process for each wheel in the recommended order.
4. Check the Master Cylinder:
* Check the master cylinder fluid level: Add new brake fluid as needed, keeping the reservoir about ¾ full. Never let it go completely empty.
5. Reassembly:
* Reinstall the wheels.
* Lower the vehicle.
* Test the brakes: Pump the brake pedal several times. It should feel firm and responsive.
* Test drive cautiously: Make sure the brakes feel right before driving normally.
Important Considerations for a 1979 El Camino:
* Rust: Bleeder valves and brake lines can be seized due to rust. Penetrating oil applied beforehand can help. If a bleeder valve breaks, you might need professional help.
* Brake lines: Inspect the brake lines carefully for any signs of damage or leaks while the wheels are off.
* Manual vs. Power Brakes: The bleeding process is similar for both, but power brakes usually require a little more fluid.
If you are not comfortable performing this task, it is highly recommended to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. Brakes are critical for safety, and improper bleeding can lead to brake failure. This guide is for informational purposes only and doesn't replace professional advice.
