Here are some possible causes and how you might troubleshoot them:
1. Fuse: This is the easiest and cheapest fix. Check your owner's manual for the location of the fuse box (usually under the hood or dashboard) and find the fuse specifically for the wipers. Look for a blown fuse (broken filament). Replace it with a fuse of the same amperage rating.
2. Wiper Switch: The switch on your steering column might be faulty. This is more complex to diagnose. You'd need to test the switch with a multimeter (a basic electrical testing tool) to see if it's sending power when activated. Replacing the switch usually involves some disassembly of the steering column.
3. Wiper Motor: The motor itself could be burned out or seized. This requires more mechanical aptitude. You'll need to access the motor (usually under the hood) and test it for power using a multimeter. You might need to tap the motor lightly to see if it's just jammed. Replacement is often necessary if faulty.
4. Wiper Linkage: The mechanism that connects the motor to the wiper arms might be broken or dislodged. Check for any obvious damage or loose connections in the linkage system. This often requires visual inspection and may involve some re-assembly.
5. Relays: Some vehicles use relays to control the wipers. These are small electrical switches that can fail. Testing relays usually involves a multimeter and knowing which relay controls the wipers (check your owner's manual or online resources for your specific model).
6. Wiring Issues: A short circuit or broken wire in the wiring harness supplying the wiper motor or switch can cause problems. This requires tracing the wires and testing continuity with a multimeter. This is more advanced and can be difficult to diagnose without a wiring diagram.
7. Low Washer Fluid: While it won't stop the wipers, low fluid may trigger a sensor that prevents operation in some vehicles to prevent wiper damage.
Can you fix it?
The ease of fixing it depends on your mechanical skills and the actual problem. If it's a blown fuse, you can likely fix it yourself easily. If it's a faulty motor, switch, or wiring issue, it might be a more challenging repair.
Recommendations:
1. Start with the fuse: This is the easiest and most likely solution.
2. Consult your owner's manual: This will provide diagrams and information specific to your vehicle.
3. Search online: There are many forums and videos online that can help you diagnose and repair wiper problems on a 1997 Dodge Caravan. Search for "1997 Dodge Caravan wiper repair."
4. Consider professional help: If you're not comfortable working on your car, take it to a mechanic. The cost of diagnosis and repair might be worth avoiding potential damage or injury.
Remember to disconnect the battery negative terminal before attempting any electrical repairs to prevent accidental shorts.
