Here's a general procedure. Specific details may vary slightly depending on your exact Nova model and the condition of the parts. Consult a repair manual specific to your 1968 Chevy Nova for precise instructions and torque specifications.
Tools You'll Need:
* Jack and jack stands: Absolutely essential for safety.
* Wheel chocks: To prevent the car from rolling.
* Lug wrench: To remove the wheels.
* Ball joint separator: A crucial tool. There are several types, including pickle forks (generally discouraged as they can damage components), slide hammers, and hydraulic presses (ideal but more expensive).
* Sockets and wrenches (metric and/or SAE, depending on your car): You'll need various sizes to remove cotter pins, castle nuts, and possibly other fasteners.
* Penetrating oil (PB Blaster, etc.): Soak the ball joint threads and fasteners several hours in advance to loosen them.
* Hammer: Might be needed in conjunction with the ball joint separator.
* Torque wrench: Crucial for proper reassembly.
* Floor jack (optional but helpful): Can help support the control arm or knuckle while working.
* Safety glasses and gloves: Protect yourself from injury.
Procedure (General Steps - Consult Your Repair Manual):
1. Safety First: Securely jack up the car and place it on jack stands. Chock the wheels on the ground.
2. Remove the Wheel: Remove the wheel from the side you're working on.
3. Disconnect the Brake Caliper: Depending on your brake system, you may need to unbolt and either hang the caliper out of the way or carefully support it.
4. Disconnect the Steering Linkage (if applicable): The lower ball joint is connected to the steering knuckle, which is part of the steering system. You'll likely need to disconnect the tie rod end.
5. Disconnect the Sway Bar Link (if applicable): This will usually require removing a bolt securing the sway bar link to the control arm.
6. Remove the Cotter Pin and Castle Nut: Locate the castle nut on the top of the upper ball joint (or bottom of the lower ball joint). Remove the cotter pin securing the nut, then carefully remove the nut.
7. Separate the Ball Joint: This is the most challenging part. Use your ball joint separator to separate the ball joint from the spindle (upper) or control arm (lower). Apply penetrating oil liberally beforehand. Be patient and methodical; force can damage components. A hydraulic press is the cleanest and safest method. A slide hammer is a good alternative. Avoid using a pickle fork if possible.
8. Remove the Ball Joint: Once separated, the ball joint should come out relatively easily. You might need to tap it out gently with a hammer.
9. Repeat for the Other Ball Joint: Follow the same steps for the other ball joint (upper or lower).
Reassembly:
Reassembly is the reverse of the removal process. Pay close attention to proper torque specifications for all fasteners; use a torque wrench. Incorrect torque can lead to premature wear or failure. After reassembly, check for proper alignment and get a wheel alignment done professionally.
Important Considerations:
* Pressing Ball Joints: A hydraulic press is the best way to press the new ball joints in. Doing it incorrectly can easily damage the new parts. Many auto parts stores offer this service.
* Repair Manual: A repair manual specific to your 1968 Chevy Nova is invaluable. It will provide detailed diagrams, torque specifications, and crucial information specific to your vehicle.
* Parts: Have replacement ball joints on hand before you start.
* Professional Help: If you're not comfortable working on your car, take it to a qualified mechanic. Ball joints are critical safety components.
This is a complex procedure with many potential variations. Always prioritize safety and consult a repair manual before attempting this work. Improperly installed ball joints can be extremely dangerous.
