Here's a breakdown of what's likely involved and why professional help is recommended:
Possible Causes of Hard Pedal:
* Low Brake Fluid: This is the first and easiest thing to check. Check the brake fluid reservoir (usually a clear plastic container near the master cylinder) and add DOT 3 brake fluid if it's low. Never mix brake fluids. Low fluid suggests a leak somewhere in the system, which needs to be identified and repaired *before* adjusting anything else.
* Leaking Wheel Cylinders or Caliper Pistons: Leaking wheel cylinders (in the rear drum brakes) or caliper pistons (in the front disc brakes) will require replacement. These are relatively common issues on older cars. Low brake fluid usually points to this problem.
* Worn Brake Shoes/Pads: Worn brake shoes (rear) or pads (front) will require replacement, not adjustment. The amount of pedal effort increases as the friction material wears down.
* Master Cylinder Issues: A failing master cylinder can also cause a hard pedal. This is a critical component and requires professional attention.
* Power Brake Booster Problems: The power brake booster assists in stopping. A malfunctioning booster will result in a very hard pedal. This is a difficult repair and typically requires professional help.
* Restricted Brake Lines: Clogged or restricted brake lines will impede fluid flow, causing a hard pedal.
Adjustment (If it's only minor and you're experienced):
For a 1985 Cadillac Seville, it's *likely* you have a combination of disc brakes (front) and drum brakes (rear). Adjustment primarily focuses on the rear drum brakes:
* Rear Drum Brakes (most likely the problem for hard pedal): These typically have self-adjusting mechanisms. These mechanisms usually don't require manual adjustment unless they are malfunctioning or significantly worn. If you suspect a mechanical issue with the self-adjuster, it is best to seek professional help. Improper adjustment could lead to uneven braking and dangerous situations.
* Front Disc Brakes: Disc brakes don't require adjustment in the same way drum brakes do. Pad wear needs to be addressed by replacement only.
What you should do:
1. Check the brake fluid level: This is the most important first step.
2. Inspect brake pads and shoes: Visually inspect the thickness of the brake pads and shoes. If they're worn, they need replacing.
3. If you find any leaks, have them repaired immediately: Do not attempt brake repairs if you are not experienced. This is a safety hazard.
4. Take it to a qualified mechanic: Unless you have extensive experience with brake systems, have a qualified mechanic diagnose and repair the problem. Braking is too critical to risk DIY if you aren't fully knowledgeable.
Trying to adjust the brakes without proper knowledge can be very dangerous. It’s far better to spend the money on a professional diagnosis and repair than to risk your safety and the safety of others.
