Tools You'll Need:
* Socket set: Various sizes, including a deep well socket for the alternator mounting bolts.
* Wrench set: For various bolts and nuts.
* Ratchet: To quickly turn sockets.
* Extensions and universal joints: To reach difficult-to-access bolts.
* Screwdrivers: Phillips and flathead.
* Alternator pulley wrench: This is often specialized, and trying to remove the pulley without one can damage the alternator.
* Jack and jack stands: For safety. Never work under a car supported only by a jack.
* Wheel chocks: To secure the vehicle.
* New alternator: Make sure you get the correct one for your Firebird's engine.
* Battery terminal cleaner: Helpful for clean connections.
* Wires and terminals (if needed)
* Gloves and safety glasses
Steps:
1. Disconnect the Battery: This is CRUCIAL to prevent electrical shocks and short circuits. Disconnect the negative (-) terminal first, then the positive (+).
2. Access the Alternator: The alternator's location varies slightly depending on the engine. Generally, it's on the front of the engine, often near the passenger side. You might need to remove some components for better access – this is where a repair manual is invaluable. Common obstacles include:
* Air intake components: These might need to be loosened or removed.
* Serpentine belt: You'll almost certainly need to remove this. Use a belt tensioner tool to release the tension.
* Various brackets and hoses: These may need to be moved or removed, depending on your engine configuration and the access needed.
3. Remove the Alternator:
* Disconnect the electrical connections: There will be at least two wires connected to the alternator. Carefully note their positions before disconnecting them. Take pictures if you are unsure.
* Remove the mounting bolts: These usually require a socket and ratchet. Use extensions and universal joints if necessary.
* Remove the alternator pulley (if necessary): Use the special pulley wrench. This step can be tricky, and applying too much force in the wrong direction can easily damage the alternator. If the pulley is difficult to remove, consult a repair manual or a mechanic.
* Remove the alternator: Once the bolts and pulley (if applicable) are removed, carefully remove the alternator from its mounting location.
4. Install the New Alternator:
* Install the alternator pulley (if necessary): Install and tighten the pulley properly using the correct tool and torque.
* Mount the new alternator: Align the alternator with its mounting points and install the bolts, tightening them securely but not over-tightening.
* Reconnect the electrical connections: Carefully reconnect the electrical wires to their corresponding terminals on the new alternator. Make sure they are secure.
5. Reinstall Removed Components: Carefully reinstall any components you removed to access the alternator, such as the serpentine belt, brackets, and hoses. Ensure everything is properly connected and secured.
6. Reconnect the Battery: Reconnect the positive (+) terminal, then the negative (-) terminal.
7. Start the Engine: Start the engine and check the alternator's output voltage using a multimeter. It should be around 13.5-14.5 volts. If the voltage is low or erratic, there might be a problem with the installation or the new alternator itself.
8. Check for Leaks: Inspect the area around the alternator for any leaks (coolant or oil) and address them as necessary.
Important Considerations:
* Serpentine Belt Routing: Pay close attention to the routing of the serpentine belt. Incorrect routing can lead to premature wear and damage. A diagram from your repair manual will be essential.
* Torque Specifications: Always refer to your repair manual for the proper torque specifications for all bolts. Over-tightening can strip threads or damage components.
* Safety First: Always use jack stands and wheel chocks when working under your car. Disconnect the battery before starting any work.
This guide provides a general overview. Refer to a repair manual specific to your 1996 Pontiac Firebird for detailed instructions and diagrams. If you are not comfortable performing this repair yourself, take it to a qualified mechanic. Attempting this without the proper knowledge and tools could result in damage to your vehicle or injury to yourself.
