1. Preliminary Checks (without removing the engine):
* Listen for unusual noises: A noisy lifter is the most common symptom. Listen carefully for tapping, ticking, or clicking sounds, especially during startup and at idle. Note the location of the noise to pinpoint a suspect lifter. A "sewing machine" sound can indicate multiple bad lifters.
* Check oil pressure: Low oil pressure can contribute to lifter problems. Ensure your oil pressure is within the manufacturer's specifications.
* Inspect the oil: Check your oil for excessive sludge or contamination, which can negatively impact lifter operation.
2. More Involved Checks (requiring removal and/or disassembly):
* Visual Inspection (after removing valve covers): Inspect the lifters for any obvious damage: cracks, pitting, or excessive wear. Look for any unusual debris in the lifter valleys. Pay attention to their overall condition.
* Pushrod/Lifter Engagement Test (requires valve cover removal): This is a crude but helpful check. With the engine off and the distributor disconnected, manually rotate the engine by the crankshaft bolt (slowly!). As each rocker arm approaches its point of lift, feel for the pushrod movement. If a lifter is collapsed or sticking, the pushrod movement will feel different (jerky or hesitant) than on others. This test is more about detecting *sticking* lifters rather than a subtle failure.
* Individual Lifter Testing (recommended but requires removal): The best way to test a lifter is to remove it and test it independently. There are a few ways to do this:
* Manual Compression Test: Push down on the lifter plunger. It should offer a firm, consistent resistance, and then return to its original position smoothly. Excessive play or a sticking plunger indicates a problem.
* Fluid Check: If you can remove the plunger, inspect the oil within the lifter. It should be clean and not excessively thick. A clogged filter within the lifter can restrict oil flow.
* Hydraulic Lifter Bench Test (Most Reliable): This would utilize specialized equipment found in shops for testing hydraulic lifters. The bench test will measure the lifter's ability to properly pump up under pressure and maintain that pressure.
Important Considerations:
* Safety First: Disconnect the negative battery terminal before working on your engine. Use appropriate safety gear (gloves, eye protection).
* Professional Assistance: If you're not comfortable performing these checks or repairs, it's best to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. Incorrect diagnosis and repair can lead to engine damage.
* Differentiation between lifter and other issues: A ticking noise might be caused by other factors like worn timing chain, valve train issues, or even a loose accessory. A thorough diagnosis is vital.
Remember, a noisy lifter isn't always a bad lifter. It could be due to other contributing factors (like low oil, incorrect valve adjustment). The above steps help narrow down the problem and pinpoint whether the lifters themselves are at fault.
