Body & Structure:
* Steel: The majority of car bodies are made from steel, specifically high-strength steel. It's strong, durable, and relatively inexpensive.
* Aluminum: Used increasingly for panels, hoods, doors, and even frames for lighter weight and better fuel economy.
* Carbon Fiber: Becoming more prevalent in high-performance cars and some luxury vehicles for its incredible strength-to-weight ratio.
* Plastics: Used extensively for interior and exterior components, as well as in engine components and underbody panels.
Engine & Drivetrain:
* Iron: Cast iron is a primary component of engine blocks and cylinders.
* Aluminum: Used for engine heads, cylinder blocks, and other engine components for weight reduction.
* Magnesium: Lightweight metal used in some engine components and transmission housings.
* Titanium: Used in high-performance exhaust systems for its strength and heat resistance.
Other Components:
* Glass: Windshields, windows, and headlights.
* Rubber: Tires, seals, hoses, and some interior parts.
* Leather & Fabric: Used for seats, upholstery, and interior trim.
* Electronics: Wiring, sensors, computers, entertainment systems, and more.
Beyond these core materials, cars also utilize:
* Composite Materials: Mixtures of different materials, like fiberglass, carbon fiber, and resin, often used in body panels and interior components.
* Ceramics: Found in engine components, brake pads, and exhaust systems for heat resistance.
* Recycled Materials: Increasingly used to reduce environmental impact.
The specific materials used in a car vary depending on the make, model, and intended use. High-performance vehicles, for instance, might incorporate more expensive and lightweight materials like carbon fiber.
