Fuel System:
* Fuel pump itself: Even with a new filter, the pump could be failing. It might be weak, intermittently working, or completely dead. A fuel pressure gauge test is crucial here.
* Fuel pump relay: This small electronic component controls the fuel pump. A faulty relay prevents power from reaching the pump. Easy to check by swapping it with another relay (of the same amperage) to see if that solves the issue.
* Clogged fuel injector(s): Fuel injectors spray fuel into the engine. If they're clogged, the engine won't get the fuel it needs. Cleaning or replacing them might be necessary.
* Fuel pressure regulator: This regulates the pressure of fuel in the system. A faulty regulator can cause low fuel pressure or flooding.
* Bad fuel: Stale or contaminated fuel can cause starting problems.
Ignition System:
* Distributor cap and rotor: These components distribute high voltage to the spark plugs. Worn or damaged parts can prevent a spark.
* Spark plugs and wires: Worn or fouled spark plugs or damaged wires will prevent a spark or cause a weak spark.
* Ignition coil: This component boosts the voltage to create the spark. A failing coil will result in a weak or no spark.
* Ignition control module (ICM): This module controls the ignition system's timing and spark. A faulty ICM can cause starting problems.
* Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP): This sensor tells the computer the engine's rotational position. A faulty sensor prevents the computer from sending the correct signal for spark and fuel injection.
Other Possibilities:
* Battery/Battery Cables: A weak battery or corroded cables can prevent sufficient power to the starter and ignition system. Test the battery voltage.
* Starter: The starter motor might be failing. It might be making a clicking noise or just not turning the engine over.
* Security System (if equipped): If your Camaro has an aftermarket or factory alarm/immobilizer system, it could be preventing the car from starting.
* Alternator: While it won't directly prevent starting, a completely dead alternator means the battery will have no charge, ultimately leading to a no-start condition.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Check for spark: Use a spark tester to check if the spark plugs are getting spark.
2. Check fuel pressure: Use a fuel pressure gauge to measure the fuel pressure.
3. Inspect the battery and cables: Check for corrosion or loose connections.
4. Listen for the fuel pump: When you turn the key to the "on" position (but not cranking), you should hear the fuel pump prime for a second or two. If not, there might be a problem with the pump, relay or wiring.
Because there are so many possibilities, systematically checking these components will help pinpoint the problem. If you're not comfortable working on your car yourself, take it to a qualified mechanic.
