Will the transmission in a 3.8 camaro work with 350 engine?

No, a 3.8L V6 Camaro transmission will not directly work with a 350 cubic inch (5.7L) V8 engine. The 3.8L uses a much smaller and less robust transmission, typically a 4-speed automatic or a 5-speed manual designed for significantly lower torque output. A 350 V8 produces considerably more torque than the V6, and the V6 transmission would likely be destroyed very quickly.

You would need a transmission designed to handle the torque of a 350 small-block Chevy engine. This usually involves a much more substantial transmission, such as a TH350, TH700R4, 4L60E, 700R4, or a T5 manual transmission (or stronger variants of those), depending on the year of the Camaro and the specifics of the 350 engine build. The bellhousing will also likely need to be changed to mate the engine and transmission correctly.