* Power Steering Fluid Level: The most common and easiest to check. Low fluid is a major cause of stiff steering. Check the fluid level in the reservoir (usually a clear or translucent container near the engine). If low, add fluid of the correct type (consult your owner's manual). *However*, low fluid is usually accompanied by other symptoms like groaning or whining noises. If the fluid level is okay, move to the next possibilities.
* Power Steering Pump: A failing power steering pump can cause intermittent stiffening. It might work fine most of the time, but struggle under load (turning the wheel). Listen for whining or groaning noises, especially when turning. A failing pump often leads to progressively worsening stiffness.
* Power Steering Pressure Sensor/Switch: This sensor monitors the pressure in the power steering system. A faulty sensor could send incorrect signals to the power steering control module, leading to intermittent issues. This is less likely than a pump or fluid problem.
* Power Steering Rack and Pinion: Worn or damaged components in the rack and pinion can lead to stiff steering. This is more likely to cause *consistent* stiffness, but intermittent issues are possible if there's a problem with internal seals or components that only malfunction under certain conditions.
* Intermittent Electrical Problem: While less common, a problem with the wiring to the power steering pump or a faulty control module could cause intermittent issues. This often manifests as completely losing power steering rather than just stiffening.
* Temperature Related: Sometimes, a component (like the pump) might work fine when cold but struggle when it's hot. If the stiffening is more pronounced after driving for a while, this is a possibility.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Check the power steering fluid level and condition. Is it low? Dirty? If it's low, add fluid; if it's dirty, it might need a flush and fill.
2. Listen for noises. Whining, groaning, or squealing from the power steering system point to problems with the pump or rack and pinion.
3. Check the steering wheel for play (slack). Excessive play suggests wear in the steering system components.
4. Have a mechanic inspect the system. If you can't pinpoint the problem yourself, a professional mechanic can diagnose the issue accurately. They have the tools and expertise to check for leaks, pressure, and assess the condition of the pump, rack and pinion, and other components.
It's crucial to address this issue promptly. Driving with stiff steering can be dangerous and further damage to the power steering system is possible.
