1. Gather Your Supplies:
* Brake fluid: Use DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid specifically – check your owner's manual to be sure. Never mix different types of brake fluid.
* Brake bleeder wrench: A 8mm or 10mm wrench (most likely 8mm) is usually needed, but double-check your van's specifications. A line wrench or open-ended wrench works best to avoid rounding off the bleeder valve.
* Clear tubing: About 3-4 feet long, to connect the bleeder valve to a container. The tubing should be strong enough to resist kinks.
* Container: A jar or bottle to collect the old brake fluid.
* Wrench (optional): A second wrench might be helpful to hold the caliper or wheel cylinder while loosening the bleeder valve, preventing damage.
* Clean rags or shop towels: To clean up any spills.
* Helper (recommended): Having someone pump the brake pedal makes the process much easier and more efficient.
2. Preparation:
* Park on a level surface: Ensure the van is securely parked on a level surface and the parking brake is engaged.
* Locate the bleeder valves: These are usually located on the top of the brake calipers at each wheel (front and rear). You may need to remove the wheels for easier access, particularly at the rear.
* Check brake fluid level: Top off the master cylinder reservoir with fresh brake fluid before you begin. Never let the master cylinder run low during bleeding; this will introduce air into the system. Keep an eye on the level throughout the bleeding process and add more fluid as needed.
3. Bleeding Procedure (Rear Wheels First is Standard Practice):
* Start with the rear wheels: Generally, start with the wheel furthest from the master cylinder (usually the right rear), then the left rear, right front, and finally the left front. This helps to ensure the most efficient air expulsion. However, consulting your owner's manual is recommended.
* Attach tubing: Attach one end of the clear tubing firmly to the bleeder valve. Submerge the other end in the container filled with brake fluid.
* Have your helper pump the brake pedal: Instruct your helper to pump the brake pedal slowly and firmly several times (5-7 times is a good starting point). Then, have them hold the pedal down.
* Open the bleeder valve: Slowly open the bleeder valve using your wrench. You should see old brake fluid flowing through the tube. Keep an eye on the fluid level in the master cylinder.
* Close the bleeder valve: Once the flow of fluid slows or stops (while your helper is still holding the pedal down), close the bleeder valve tightly.
* Release the brake pedal: Have your helper release the brake pedal.
* Repeat steps: Repeat steps 3-7 several times for each wheel until the fluid runs clean and free of bubbles.
* Top off the master cylinder: Add more brake fluid to the master cylinder as needed.
4. Important Considerations for a 3500 Express Van:
* ABS System: If your van has an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), bleeding the brakes can be more complex and may require a specialized scanner to properly bleed the system. In some cases, professional assistance might be necessary.
* Dual Rear Wheels: If you have dual rear wheels, you may have to bleed multiple calipers at the rear. Consult your owner's manual or a repair manual.
* Power Brakes: Ensure the engine is running if the van has power brakes, as this assists in the process.
5. After Bleeding:
* Test the brakes: After bleeding all four wheels, test the brakes carefully in a safe, open area. Make sure the pedal feels firm and responsive.
* Check for leaks: Inspect all connections and brake lines for leaks.
If you are uncomfortable performing this procedure yourself, it is strongly recommended that you take your van to a qualified mechanic for brake bleeding. Improperly bled brakes can be extremely dangerous. Always consult your owner's manual for specific instructions for your vehicle.
