1. Check the Fuse:
* Locate the fuse box: This is usually located under the hood or inside the car, often near the steering wheel or under the dash. Consult your owner's manual to find the exact location.
* Identify the reverse lights fuse: Your owner's manual should list the fuse for the backup lights. It might be labeled "Back-up," "Reverse," or something similar.
* Inspect the fuse: Check for a blown fuse (a broken filament inside). If blown, replace it with a fuse of the same amperage rating. If the new fuse blows immediately, you have a short circuit – proceed to the next steps.
2. Check the Bulbs:
* Access the bulbs: This usually involves removing the taillight assemblies. Consult your owner's manual for specific instructions on how to remove them. You'll likely need a screwdriver or socket wrench.
* Inspect the bulbs: Check if the bulbs are burnt out. If so, replace them with new ones of the correct type and wattage (specified in your owner's manual).
3. Check the Switch (Reverse Light Switch):
* Locate the switch: The reverse light switch is typically located on the transmission. It's a small switch that's activated when the gear selector is in reverse. Access might require working under the car.
* Test the switch: You can test the switch with a multimeter (if you have one) to see if it's providing continuity when the gear selector is in reverse. Otherwise, you'll need to visually inspect it for damage or corrosion. Often, a simple wiggle test might reveal a loose or faulty connection. If the switch appears faulty, it needs to be replaced.
4. Check the Wiring:
* Inspect the wiring: Carefully examine the wiring harness leading from the reverse light switch to the taillights. Look for broken wires, loose connections, or corrosion. Pay close attention to areas where the wiring might be pinched or chafed.
* Test the wiring (advanced): If you have a multimeter, you can test the continuity of the wiring to ensure the circuit is complete.
5. Ground Connection:
* A poor ground connection can prevent the lights from working. Check the ground wire connections at both the taillights and the switch. Clean any corrosion and ensure a secure connection.
Troubleshooting Tips:
* Use a helper: Having someone shift the gear into reverse while you check the lights and wiring is helpful.
* Safety first: Disconnect the negative battery terminal before working on the electrical system.
* Owner's manual: Your 1991 Toyota Camry owner's manual is your best friend for specific diagrams and procedures.
If you're uncomfortable working on your car's electrical system, it's best to take it to a qualified mechanic. They have the tools and experience to diagnose and repair the problem efficiently and safely. Replacing the switch is often the most challenging part for someone without mechanical experience.
